Introduction to materials science chapter 18, electrical conductivity 3 basic laws and electrical properties of metals ii the electrical conductivitythe ability of a substance to conduct an electric current is the inverse of the resistivity. His understanding of superconductivity was based on the concept of. Introduction to composite materials asm international. Their mass is mc 2me, their charge 2e, their density nc ns2. Introduction to conductivity this page is designed as a basic introduction to conductivity and eddy current ect conductivity measuring within nondestructive testing ndt. Nearly a century after its first discovery, its full commercial potential is. This page is designed as a basic introduction to conductivity and eddy current ect conductivity measuring within nondestructive testing ndt. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Introduction to stainless steels asm international. Foundations of bcs theory in this section, we lay out the theoretical grounds for bcs theory. Ppt superconductivity powerpoint presentation free to download. Schrieffer,theory of superconductivityperseus books, 1999 t. Below tc the resistivity of superconductor becomes.
Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even. Applications of superconductivity introduction the purpose of this chapter is to assess the significance of hightemperature superconductors hts to the u. Before the external magnetic field was turned off there was a magnetic flux. In both types of material superconductivity emerges out of phase that are nearly magnetic or evolve under pressure from a magneticallyordered state. It occurs in a wide variety of metals and alloys, below a transition temperature tc which currently ranges up to. Introduction superconductivity discovered in 1911 by onnes 9, is the. Microwave superconductivity, seminar reports ppt pdf doc presentation superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials generally at very low temperatures, characterized by exactly zero electrical resistance and the exclusion of the interior magnetic field the meissner effect. In both types of material superconductivity emerges out of phase that are nearly magnetic or evolve under pressure. Phonon mediated attractive interaction and the cooper pairs. Superconductivity is the physics of the cooper pairs. Superconductivity, complete disappearance of electrical resistance in various solids when they are cooled below a characteristic temperature. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about super conductor and super conductivity ppt. Hence, in the superconducting state a metal can have a specific electrical resistance that is at most about 17 orders of magnitude smaller than the specific resistance of copper, one of.
Today we know that the jump in resistance during entry into the superconducting state amounts to at least 14 orders of magnitude3. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Ppt superconductivity powerpoint presentation free to. Ph 318 introduction to superconductors 6 r r e d l d dt z. In a metal the charge carriers are electrons, and at a constant temperature. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. A brief introduction of shock waves which is the recent trend in. Ppt superconductivity powerpoint presentation free to download id. Pdf considerable progress has been achieved during the last few decades in the various fields of. A description of superconductivity in a little more detail than you need at a level to explain the basic concepts of a quantum mechnical phenomenon. It is located at the left bank of the chambal river at the upstream of kota bairaj. For one century superconductivity has been a great challenge to theoretical.
Lecture notes applied superconductivity electrical. An overview of the impact of superconductivity on these applications is provided in table 31. Today we know that the jump in resistance during entry into the super conducting state amounts to at least 14 orders of magnitude3. There existed no consistent microscopic theory that described why superconductivity arose, from the time it was dis. Today glasses find applications in various fields viz. Superconductivity is a state of metals below a certain critical temperature. In nite conductivity implies that if a current were passed through the material during its superconducting phase, the current would follow forever. It would have been very difficult to have arrived at the theory by purely deductive reasoning from the basic equations of quantum mechanics. Ppt superconductors powerpoint presentation free to.
Here it is appropriate to remark that in the bcs theory not single electrons but pairs of electrons are the carriers of the supercurrent. Electrical conductivity is the measurement of a materials ability to conduct an electric current. Superconductivity is a unique and powerful phenomenon of nature. Superconductivity is the set of physical properties observed in certain materials, wherein electrical resistance vanishes and from which magnetic flux fields are expelled. Fernandes here we will discuss a new ground state of the interacting electron gas. Electrons repel each other in vacuum but under certain circumstances when in a crystal lattice they can attract each other and. Superconductivity and physics of nanomaterials prepared by p g logan, dept of physics, sistk, puttur. We will compare also the electronphonon mechanism for superconduc. The superconducting properties of small specimens 9. Then an introduction of the generalizedbcs theory is given and sev. Explore ultraconductors with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format.
Ultraconductors seminar report, ppt, pdf for electrical. Introduction superconductivity refers to a complex of phenomena which are usually found to occur together. In this case, the application of a tensile stress produces elongation in the xdirection and contraction in the ydirection, and the distorted element remains rectangular. Free superconductivity books download ebooks online textbooks. Pdf overview of superconductivity and challenges in applications. Pdf introduction to engineering material and their. As a result, from our basic understanding of metallic conduction. A microscopic theory of superconductivity was developed in 1957 by john bardeen, leon cooper and j. View and download powerpoint presentations on super conductor and super conductivity ppt. Youngseak lee, in advanced fluoridebased materials for energy conversion, 2015. Much of the motivation for this comes from the study of the cuprate high temperature superconductors. Microwave superconductivity, seminar reports ppt pdf. Uspas course on superconducting accelerator magnets, june 2327, 2003.
Superconductivity by joe khachan and stephen bosi the discovery of superconductors the phenomenon of superconductivity, in which the electrical resistance of certain materials completely vanishes at low temperatures, is one of the most interesting and sophisticated in condensed matter physics. Free superconductivity books download ebooks online. Super conductor and super conductivity ppt xpowerpoint. Page 1 superconductivity introduction the phenomenon of attaining zero resistivity or infinite conductivity at low temperature is known as superconductivity. Perfect conductor and a super conductor an electric eld ein a normal conductor causes a curwhich, in a steady state, is related to the electric eld by the equation j. In 1986 the discovery of hightemperature superconductivity in cuprate compounds with layered perovskite structure announced the era of. Since the electric field intensityin the material is. This temperature, called the transition temperature, varies for different materials but generally is below 20 k. Robert schrieffer, which is known as the bcs theory. The presentation here is in the socalled semiconductor model. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Introduction superconductivity discovered in 1911 by onnes 9, is the quantum phenomena that certain materials exhibit under particular magnetic and temperature regimes. Ultra conductors seminar report, ppt, pdf for electrical.
Tinkham, introduction to superconductivity 2nd editiondover, 2004. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Even if someone had done so, no one would have believed that such. Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. The transparent and colouration have made the glasses best suitable for decorative and illumination purposes in the early days of their invention. This is the inverse of electrical resistivity, measuring a materials.
Superconductivity was discovered by kamerlingh onnes in 1911. Searching for room temperature superconductors novam research. Of the various constituent phenomena, the two which are. Explore ultra conductors with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Superconductivity was discovered 3 in 1911 by the dutch. Superconductivity, discovered in 1911 by heike kamerlingh onnes, is a phenomenon occurring in certain materials at extremely low temperatures. Super conductivity destroyed by modest magnetic field critical field b 0c. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Figure 4 shows the large variation in thermal conductivity among various types of materials. Seminar report in ms word, pdf and power point presentation for applied electronics, computer science, biotechnology, electronics and telecommunication, instrumentation, electrical, civil, chemical, mechanical, information technology and automobile engineering students. Properties such as high tensile strength, high fracture toughness, malleability and availability are just some of the many advantages associated with metals. The central feature of the bcs theory is that two electrons in the superconductor are able to form a bound pair called a cooper pair if they somehow experience an attractive interaction between. It was not yet discovered whether the resistance remains 0, or it is exactly 0 due to experimental results. The introduction of superconductivity in the industrial cycle faces many challenges, first for the.
Introduction in these lectures i want to give an introduction into the physical principles of superconductivity and its fascinating properties. Lecture notes on superconductivity a work in progress. All materials have defects and phonons and to a lessor degree of importance, electronelectron interactions. Electrical properties of materials electronic conduction in solids. Orgad it is the purpose of this paper to explore the theory of high temperature superconductivity.
Introduction to the theory of superconductivity pdf 82p this note covers the following topics. Abrikosov, fundamentals of the theory of metalsnorthholland, 1988. All derivations may be referenced in \theory of superconductivity by bardeen, cooper, and schrie er or tinkhams introduction to superconductivity. Introduction to metals metals possess many unique fundamental properties that make them an ideal material for use in a diverse range of applications. Accordingly, it examines the major present and potential applications of superconductors in seven different sectors. Hence, in the superconducting state a metal can have a specific electrical resistance that is at most about 17 orders of magnitude smaller. Several applications of superconductivity in the electric power sector have undergone extensive evaluation and even prototype development. Concepts of fermi liquid theory and instability of the normal state. Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero, a superconductor has a. Super conductivity part 1 engineering physics 1 lectures. Introduction our present understanding of superconductivity has arisen from a close interplay of theory and experiment. In the bulk of a thick superconductor there can be no magnetic.
Nov 20, 2014 basic information regarding superconductors. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. This presentation can be downloaded as pdf via the following. Any material exhibiting these properties is a superconductor. Hence conductivity of ion conducting glasses is a function of both. Superconductivity is widely regarded as one of the great scientific discoveries of the 20th century. Supercapacitors, which are often called electrical doublelayer capacitors edlcs, pseudocapacitors, ultracapacitors, power capacitors, gold capacitors, or power caches, have attracted research interest worldwide because of their potential applications as energy storage devices in many fields.
720 839 1178 1190 679 514 95 67 301 1242 1580 1490 94 1081 1410 1254 1538 806 1373 363 159 434 285 279 576 697 1193 1204